Case Studies

ISA is an in-vehicle electronic system which enables the speed of the vehicle to be regulated. Most often it is used to cap the maximum speed of the vehicle or to inform the driver of the prevailing speed limit of the road.

The term reliability can be defined as an attribute of any system that consistently produces the same result (www.dictionary.com). Along similar lines, a previous study defines bus service reliability as “the ability of the service to provide consistent service over a period of time”.

The kerbside of today is a highly regulated environment required to deal with a huge diversity of uses and quite dynamic patterns of use. Whilst most people observe most of the regulations most of the time, it is evident that the pressures on kerb access mean that infractions of the rules are common place.

The underlying concept of the Congestion Charging system is that, like marginal cost pricing for the external costs of congestion, charges would only be levied when delays occur.

The driver of a merging vehicle takes into consideration two surrounding factors- the nearside motorway traffic actions and the remaining distance to the end of the merging lane and decides to accelerate or decelerate to maximize the chances of available gaps.